2025Convocatoria ordinaria · Serie 1 · Ejercicio 1Part 1: Listening comprehension, an interview about Uluru
3 puntosCoincide con la pautaTemas: Comprensión oralEnunciado oficial
ULURU: EXPLORING THE HEART AND SPIRIT OF AUSTRALIA
In this radio programme you are going to hear some new words. Read and listen to them. Make sure you know what they mean.
sandstone: pedra arenosa / piedra arenisca
layers: capes / capas
tilted: inclinat / inclinado
hue: tonalitat / tonalidad
Ready?
Now read the questions on the following page. Read them carefully before listening to the radio programme.
[Now listen to the interview.]
QUESTIONS
Choose the best answer according to the recording. Only ONE answer is correct.
[3 points: 0.375 points for each correct answer. Wrong answers will be penalized by deducting 0.125 points. There is no penalty for unanswered questions.]
1.1 Why is Uluru considered sacred by the Anangu people?
[0.375 points]
1.2 Why do the Anangu discourage ascending Uluru?
[0.375 points]
1.3 According to Chris Wood, how did Uluru form?
[0.375 points]
1.4 Why is Uluru red?
[0.375 points]
1.5 When is the worst time to visit Uluru?
[0.375 points]
1.6 What safety precautions are important when visiting Uluru?
[0.375 points]
1.7 What does the Uluru Cultural Center offer visitors?
[0.375 points]
1.8 What surprises visitors about Uluru’s surroundings?
[0.375 points]
Audio oficial
Audio oficial de la comprensión oral: Generalitat de Catalunya, Eureka, biblioteca digital (registro 810). Licencia CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. Registro en Eureka
Elige tu opción y abre la respuesta para compararla.
1.10,375 puntos
- a) It is made of a rare type of sandstone.
- b) It holds deep connections to their Tjukurpa, or belief system.
- c) It is the deepest natural formation in Australia.
- d) It was used as a meeting point for caretakers.
- a) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: la roca es de arenisca («Uluru is made of arkose sandstone»), pero no dice que sea rara ni que por eso sea sagrada.
- b) Correcta
El doctor Wood explica que para los anangu Uluru es más que una formación natural: «it’s deeply tied to their Tjukurpa», es decir, a su sistema de creencias y leyes. Es la segunda opción.
- c) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: el periodista la presenta como «one of Australia’s most iconic landmarks», pero nadie dice que sea la formación natural más profunda.
- d) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: los anangu se ven como cuidadores («The Anangu see themselves as caretakers of Uluru»), pero no se habla de un punto de encuentro.
1.20,375 puntos
- a) It poses significant risks to visitors.
- b) They encourage exploring other cultural experiences instead.
- c) They think it violates the sacred meaning of the site.
- d) There are no established trails to follow.
- a) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: no presenta la subida como un peligro; los consejos de seguridad que da (el agua, el sol) valen para cualquier visita.
- b) Descartada
Es lo que proponen en lugar de subir («they encourage visitors to explore the base»), no el motivo por el que lo desaconsejan.
- c) Correcta
Según el doctor Wood, los anangu creen que «climbing it disrespects its sacred nature»: subir falta al respeto al carácter sagrado del lugar. Es la tercera opción.
- d) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: no menciona que falten senderos para subir.
1.30,375 puntos
- a) In the same way as the Himalayas.
- b) Through the erosion of a mountain range.
- c) Through the petrification of an ancient sea.
- d) From the gradual accumulation of desert sand.
- a) Descartada
Solo compara el tamaño: la cordillera original era «similar in size to the Himalayas», pero no dice que Uluru se formara igual que ellas.
- b) Correcta
El doctor Wood cuenta que Uluru era parte de una cordillera enorme y que «the mountains eroded, and rivers carried sand and gravel to the base»; con ese material se formó la roca. Es la segunda opción.
- c) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: no menciona ningún mar antiguo ni nada que se petrificara.
- d) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: la arena no se acumuló en un desierto, la llevaron los ríos desde unas montañas que se erosionaban; el desierto solo sale al hablar del clima y del paisaje de hoy.
1.40,375 puntos
- a) It contains copper minerals.
- b) The sandstone oxidizes when in contact to the air.
- c) It is actually grey, not red.
- d) The soil around it stains the rock.
- a) Descartada
El audio habla de hierro, no de cobre: «the iron minerals in the rock».
- b) Correcta
El doctor Wood explica que el rojo viene de la oxidación del hierro de la roca: «When the sandstone is exposed to the air, the iron reacts with oxygen». Es la segunda opción.
- c) Descartada
Solo es gris la roca de debajo, la que «hasn’t been exposed to the atmosphere»; la superficie es roja por la oxidación.
- d) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: no menciona el suelo; el color viene de la oxidación del hierro de la propia roca.
1.50,375 puntos
- a) December to February.
- b) June to August.
- c) March to May.
- d) September to November.
- a) Correcta
El doctor Wood dice que el verano es demasiado caluroso para visitarlo: «Summer, from December to February, is far too hot». Es la primera opción.
- b) Descartada
Es la época más popular para visitarlo («Winter, from June to August, is the most popular time»), no la peor.
- c) Descartada
No es la peor época: marzo a mayo es el otoño en Australia, y de la primavera y el otoño dice «Spring and autumn are much better».
- d) Descartada
No es la peor época: septiembre a noviembre es la primavera en Australia, y de esas estaciones dice que son «also great for visiting».
1.60,375 puntos
- a) Avoiding interactions with local wildlife.
- b) Drinking water and using sun protection.
- c) Hiring a ranger or tour guide.
- d) Avoiding travel in the winter months.
- a) Descartada
Entre sus consejos está «Stick to marked paths, respect wildlife, and pay attention to park signals», que es respetar a los animales, no evitar toda interacción con ellos.
- b) Correcta
Preguntado por la seguridad, el doctor Wood recomienda dos cosas: llevar siempre agua («always carry water when walking or driving») y protegerse del sol («Protect yourself from the sun with a hat, sunscreen, and lightweight clothing»). Es la segunda opción.
- c) Descartada
No recomienda contratar a nadie: dice que la zona cuenta con «facilities, rangers, and maps» que ayudan a los visitantes.
- d) Descartada
Dice lo contrario del invierno: de junio a agosto es «the most popular time» para ir.
1.70,375 puntos
- a) Accommodation for overnight stays.
- b) Guided tours of the rock base.
- c) Insights into Anangu culture.
- d) Spiritual support.
- a) Descartada
Dice lo contrario: «You cannot stay there overnight».
- b) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista que esas visitas recorran la base de la roca: solo dice que las dirigen guías locales que «share stories and traditions».
- c) Correcta
Preguntado por cómo conocer la cultura anangu, el doctor Wood dice que el centro cultural «offers displays, videos, and artworks that explain the Anangu way of life». Es la tercera opción.
- d) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: lo espiritual es el paisaje («a living, spiritual landscape»), no un servicio del centro.
1.80,375 puntos
- a) The absence of vegetation.
- b) The many caves, waterholes, and wildlife.
- c) The availability of tourist shops and restaurants.
- d) The lack of walking paths around the base.
- a) Descartada
Dice lo contrario: en el paseo por la base se ven «its unique patterns, plants, and wildlife».
- b) Correcta
El doctor Wood dice que a mucha gente le sorprende lo que hay alrededor: «Many are surprised by the variety of things to see and do around the rock», y pone un ejemplo: «Uluru has many caves and waterholes». Es la segunda opción.
- c) Descartada
No se dice en la entrevista: no menciona tiendas ni restaurantes, y de Uluru dice que es «so much more than a tourist attraction».
- d) Descartada
Dice lo contrario: hay un recorrido de unos diez kilómetros, «The base walk, which is about 10 kilometers long».
Transcripción oficial del audio
Journalist: Welcome to our program! Today we’re joined by Dr. Cris Wood, a geologist and expert on Uluru, one of Australia’s most iconic landmarks. Thank you for being here, Dr. Wood.
Dr. Wood: Thank you for having me. It’s great to share the story of such an incredible place.
Journalist: Uluru is famous worldwide for its striking appearance, but why is it considered so special by the Aboriginal people?
Dr. Wood: Uluru is a sacred site for the Anangu people, the traditional custodians of the land. To them, it’s more than a natural formation; it’s deeply tied to their Tjukurpa, which is their system of beliefs and laws. Tjukurpa includes the creation of stories that explain how the land and its features came to be. Many parts of Uluru, including its caves and waterholes, are connected to these stories. The Anangu see themselves as caretakers of Uluru, and they ask visitors to respect their traditions when visiting.
Journalist: One of those traditions includes discouraging people from climbing the rock, which surprises many visitors. Why is climbing considered disrespectful?
Dr. Wood: For the Anangu, Uluru is a place of spiritual significance. They believe that climbing it disrespects its sacred nature. Traditionally, they don’t climb it themselves. Instead, they encourage visitors to explore the base, visit waterholes, and learn about their culture at the cultural center. Climbing used to be popular, but now many people understand the importance of respecting indigenous beliefs and choose not to climb.
Journalist: Uluru is also a geological marvel. Could you tell us more about how it was formed?
Dr. Wood: Certainly! Uluru’s story began about 550 million years ago. Back then, it was part of a massive mountain range called the Petermann Ranges, which were similar in size to the Himalayas. Over time, the mountains eroded, and rivers carried sand and gravel to the base. This material eventually formed two iconic landmarks: Uluru and Kata Tjuta. Uluru is made of arkose sandstone, which is rich in feldspar crystals. It’s incredibly durable because the sand wasn’t transported far, so it didn’t undergo much erosion. Over millions of years, geological forces tilted the rock layers vertically, which is why we see those striking lines on Uluru’s surface today.
Journalist: The red color of Uluru is so distinctive. What causes it?
Dr. Wood: The red colour comes from oxidation, or rusting, of the iron minerals in the rock. When the sandstone is exposed to the air, the iron reacts with oxygen, giving it that beautiful red hue. Interestingly, the rock underneath, which hasn’t been exposed to the atmosphere, is actually grey.
Journalist: The Red Centre is known for its harsh conditions. What’s the best way for visitors to explore Uluru and its surroundings?
Dr. Wood: The best way is by car. You can hire a vehicle at Ayers Rock Airport and drive around the area, including Uluru, Kata Tjuta, and the nearby town of Yulara. Driving gives you the freedom to explore at your own pace. While there is a shuttle bus in Yulara township, it doesn’t operate within the national park. Beyond Uluru, many of the Northern Territory’s attractions are accessible by well-maintained roads, whether you’re in a regular car, campervan, or a four-by-four.
Journalist: Speaking of visiting, when is the best time of year to see Uluru?
Dr. Wood: Winter, from June to August, is the most popular time. The days are crisp and cool, making it perfect for outdoor activities. Summer, from December to February, is far too hot, with daytime temperatures often exceeding 40°C. Spring and autumn are much better with warm days and cooler evenings, so they’re also great for visiting. No matter the season, it’s essential to plan for the desert climate, which can have extreme temperature changes between day and night.
Journalist: Are there any safety tips you’d recommend for visitors?
Dr. Wood: Absolutely. Stay hydrated, as the desert air is very dry, and always carry water when walking or driving. Protect yourself from the sun with a hat, sunscreen, and lightweight clothing. It’s also important to check the weather before heading out, as conditions can change quickly. Stick to marked paths, respect wildlife, and pay attention to park signals. Luckily, the area around Uluru and Yulara is well-equipped with facilities, rangers, and maps to help visitors stay safe.
Journalist: What do you recommend for visitors who want to learn more about the Anangu culture?
Dr. Wood: The cultural centre near Uluru is an excellent place to start. You cannot stay there overnight, but it offers displays, videos, and artworks that explain the Anangu way of life and their connection to the land. Visitors can also join guided tours led by local guides who share stories and traditions. These experiences help people understand why Uluru is so much more than a tourist attraction—it’s a living, spiritual landscape.
Journalist: What’s something people often don’t expect about visiting Uluru?
Dr. Wood: Many are surprised by the variety of things to see and do around the rock. For instance, Uluru has many caves and waterholes, which are beautiful and have cultural significance. The base walk, which is about 10 kilometers long, lets visitors see the rock up close, including its unique patterns, plants, and wildlife. It’s also a great way to experience the changing colors of Uluru at sunrise or sunset. These colors are breathtaking and truly unforgettable.
Journalist: Finally, why do you think Uluru leaves such a lasting impression on people?
Dr. Wood: Uluru is a place where natural beauty meets deep cultural history. Its size and color are striking, but it’s the stories and significance behind it that make it truly special. Many visitors say they feel a strong connection to the land when they visit. Whether it’s the spirituality, the geology, or the quiet majesty of the desert, Uluru has a way of staying with you long after you’ve left.
Journalist: Thank you, Dr. Wood, for sharing your insights. Uluru sounds like a destination that offers both natural wonder and cultural depth.
Dr. Wood: It really is. Thank you for having me!
Adapted from:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9t6kYpYnX4
https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2017-06-27/how-did-uluru-and-kata-tjuta-form/8572068
Enunciado: Generalitat de Catalunya, Consell Interuniversitari de Catalunya, Oficina d’Accés a la Universitat. PAU de Inglés 2025, convocatoria ordinaria. La imagen es el examen oficial tal cual y el texto lo reproduce; las explicaciones y las respuestas modelo son de EducaIA. Consultado el 7 de noviembre de 2026; el documento no declara fecha de última actualización.
Examen (PDF)Pauta de corrección (PDF)Reutilizado según el aviso legal de la Generalitat